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Various steps taken by the government for the development of Bhopal are:-
1.)Under the scheme of "Slum Networking" Rs. 5 Crore has been secured for the development of slums.
2.)Karbala Pump House will be developed with the help of Bhoj Wetland Project.
3.)Swarn Jayanti Park, Jahangirabad, will be developed under the Bhoj Wetland Project.
4.)Overhead Tank will be made in Arera Colony and Anand Nagar.
5.)Under the "Valmiki-Ambedkar" Plan 50,000 houses will be built for the people living in the slums in the next five years.
6.)Those institutions which are working for cleaning garbage in their areas will be provided with free disel autos.
7.)Rs 10 Lakhs have been secured for the construction of Transfer Station in the city.
8.)Rs. 20 Lakhs have been secured for buying "Refuge Collector" to make the cleanliness steps more strict.
9.)For the distribution of water "hydents" situated in the lower lake will be given on rent.
10.)The areas where it is not possible to provide water with help of pipelines will be provided water with the help of private tankers.
Bhoj Wet-land Project
The Lakes Bhopal Conservation and Management Project, also known as Bhoj Wetland Project, envisages to conserve and manage the Upper and Lower Lakes of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
The Lakes, facing immense multi dimensional problems are under the process of conservation and sustainable management through the Project being implemented by the Government of Madhya Pradesh, through its Housing & Environment Department and is being funded through bilateral assistance of the Japan Bank for International Cooperation
Major Issues
Upper Lake:
Reduction of storage capacity and water spread area to siltation.
Inflow of Sewage and waste water from the catchment area.
Encroachment in catchment area for slum development and agricultural activities.
Flourishing growth of aquatic plants.
Immersion of Idols and tadjias during festivals.
Threat to aquatic life.
Trapa & Lotus cultivation.
Lower Lake:
Siltation of the lake.
Sewage and sullage inflow into the lake.
Washing activities and Dhobighats.
Human intervention and development of slums.
Excessive growth of aquatic plants.
Removal of Epilimnetic water layer.
Environmental Problems Of Lakes
Upper Lake:
The quality of water in the Upper lakes has deteriorated over the years due to inflow of waste and sewage from human settlements and inflow of silt from the catchment. The capacity of the lake is also being continually reduced due to siltation.(aboout 1 - 2.58 cm per annually on the average). The major part of the catchment area of the Upper Lake is under agricultural use and as such the black cotton soil area is subject to sever erosion. Besides this the agricultural residues from the village areas and solid wastes drain into the lake through the drains and streams particularly during the rainy season. Exposure of catchment, devoid of any vegetation due to housing and excessive construction activities on the higher slopes, particularly in the urban areas such as Koh-e-fiza and Khanoogaon areas on the northern bank, has advanced the rate of soil erosion in these areas. As a result the shoreline is shrunk and large land masses of silt deposits are formed with in the lake thus reducing the storage capacity and water spread area of the lake. Although Septic tanks and sewerage facilities are available in some parts of the urban area, yet, untreated human waste finds way into the lake directly or as overflow from drains. It is estimated that 9.82 MGD of sewage enters the Upper Lake daily. These enrich the Lake with nutrient which promotes eutrophication. About large number of people indilge in the cultivation of Singhara, an edible Trapa variety, in the lake. Insecticides used for this activity and the dead plant left after harvesting fruits add to the nutrient load in the lake. The gradual increase in pollution of the lake had become noticeable not only from the visible changes but also from the water quality tests. While natural phenomena such as soil erosion and siltation change the lake environment, man made activities such as Immersion of Idols and Tazias during festivals and inflow of untreated sewage and waste water from the human settlements etc. have led to the deterioration of the lake. This has posed a serious threat to the quality of water from the lake.
Lower Lake:
The quality of water in the Lower Lake is far more deteriorated than in the Upper Lake. Surrounded by congested city on all sides, the Lower Lake receives its water mainly from eight nallas (drains) which carry untreated waste water and sullage from the human settlements in various parts of the city. It has been observed that about 7.30 MGD of untreated wastewater enters the Lower Lake.
Dhobi Ghats or laundry houses exist along the periphery of the lake in large numbers. As aresult, besides the domestic and human wastes coming from these dwellings, soap, caustic soda and detergents etc. used for washing of clothes adds to the pollution problem. A significant part of the lake near Banganga inlet, Kamla Park and Jehangirabad is heavily silted and covered with weeds. Pollution of the Lower Lake has now reached an alarming level due to inflow of large volumes of sewage, sullage, and other solid wastes from the neighboring habitations, human activities such as bathing and washing of clothes and vehicles etc.
Objectives
To conserve and manage the Bhoj Wetland that consists of Upper & Lower lakes of Bhopal which are now being subject to severe environmental degradation due to pollution.
Prevention of pollution in the Upper & Lower lake.
To ensure availability of water from the upper lake which is one of the major source of water supply to the city of Bhopal in an increased quantity and satisfactory quality.
Project Status
| Sub Project | Status | Status in % |
|---|---|---|
| Dredging & Desilting | On going | 97% |
| Deepening & Widening of Spill Channel | Completed | 100% |
| Restoration of Takia Island | Completed | 100% |
| Catchment Area Treatment - Afforestation | On going | 97% |
| Catchment Area Treatment- check dams/cascades/silt traps | Completed | 100% |
| Prevention of Pollution- Sewerage Scheme & Garland Drain | ||
| (a) Garvity Lines | On going | 67% |
| (b) Force mains | On going | 53% |
| (c) Sewage Pump Houses | On going | 35% |
| (d) Sewage Treatment Plants | On going | 90% |
| Link Road from Retghat to Lalghati | On going | 98% |
| Solid Waste Management | Completed | 100% |
| Prevention of Pollution from Dhobighats | On going | 18% |
| Deweeding | On going | 80% |
| Biological control through Aquaculture | Completed | 100% |
| Installation of Floating Fountains | On going | 20% |
| Water Quality Monitoring | Completed | 100% |
| Lake View Promenade | On going | 25% |
| Arched walls along Lower Lake | On going | 8% |
| Documentation of FTL and No Construction Zone | On going | 5% |
Narmada Valley Project
It is an important multi-purpose project of the Madhya Pradesh Government. The World Bank is providing economic aid to this project. The state of Gujarat is also participating in it. The whole Project is divided into three stages. The first stage is between Amarkantak and Jabalpur in which Bargidam has been constructed. The second stage is between Jabalpur and Hoshangabad in which dams on the tributries Barna and Tawa have been constructed. The third stage is in the districts of Khandwa(East Nimar) and Khargone(West Nimar). Here Narmada Sagar Dam near Punasa is to be constructed. This dam will be providing help to remove the shortage of electricity in Bhopal. There will be dams near Onkareshwar and Maheshwar also. After the completion of this project large part of Narmada Valley will have irrigation, hydro-electricity, pisciculture and water transportation facilities.
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Bhopal Slum Networking
In this project a particular slum area will be selected and it will be developed in all the respects i.e. roads, water availablity, houses etc. Rs. 3 Crore have secured at the primary stage for the project and the amount is likely to increase in near future.
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